论文部分内容阅读
虽然人类在公元4000多年前就发现了火星,但只是从19世纪以来才借助光学望远镜等手段基本上确定了火星的直径、体积、质量、轨道、公转周期、自转周期、倾角等物理参数,并发现火星两极有白色极冠,类似于地球上冰雪封盖的南北极。而且,火星表面有暗色阴影,随季节而变化:春末夏初阴影开始扩大,向赤道方向推移;秋冬两季阴影缩小,变成黄褐色。1877年,意大利天文学家夏帕勒里用天文望远镜进一步观测发现,火星上有一密布的、规则的黑线,他称为“河渠”,并绘出火星河渠图。
Although Mars was discovered more than 4,000 years before the advent of humanity, only physical parameters such as the diameter, volume, mass, orbit, revolution period, rotation period and inclination of Mars have been basically determined from the 19th century through optical telescopes, etc. Mars polar body found a white pole, similar to the ice and snow on Earth covered by the North Pole. Moreover, the dark shadow on the surface of Mars changes with the seasons: the late spring and early summer shadows began to expand, moving toward the equator; autumn and winter shadows diminish into a tan. In 1877, further observations by the Italian astronomer Shpalerri, using an astronomical telescope, revealed a dense and regular black line on Mars called “canal” and a map of the Mars canal.