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坡耕地是我国耕地资源的重要组成部分。加快坡耕地综合治理是控制水土流失、保障国家粮食安全的必然要求。以黑龙江省依兰县双兴项目区为例对黑土区坡耕地治理的各项措施的配置及治理技术的发展进行了探讨。对坡耕地的治理措施主要采取水平梯田,坡式梯田,在坡耕地的坡上林地交接处采取截水沟来分散坡上来水对坡耕地土壤的侵蚀;对于坡耕地中的侵蚀沟治理措施主要配置跌水、谷坊和削坡等工程,从而达到防止侵蚀沟切割,剥蚀坡耕地土层的效果。有关对坡耕地治理后期的商榷,需加强治理措施的管护,加强水土流失监测和效益监测,并推广秸秆还田、增施有机肥、深松耕法等措施,通过技术支持,增加农民收入。
Slope cultivated land is an important part of cultivated land resources in China. Accelerating the comprehensive management of sloping arable land is a necessary requirement to control soil and water loss and ensure national food security. The case of Shuangxing project in Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province was taken as an example to discuss the disposition of various measures and the development of harnessing technology in sloping arable land in black soil area. The main control measures for slope farmland are horizontal terraces and slope terraces. Interception ditches are used to disperse the water coming and going to slope soil erosion on the sloping farmland at the slope forest land. The main measures for erosion gully management in sloping farmland Configuration falls, valley and slope cutting and other projects, so as to prevent the erosion ditch cutting, erosion slope soil effect. Concerning the later stage of sloping arable land management, it is necessary to strengthen the management and protection of governance measures, strengthen the monitoring of soil and water loss and benefit monitoring, and promote such measures as returning straw to soil, increasing organic fertilizer and deep plowing, and increase farmers’ income through technical support .