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山区作为以山地为主体包括丘陵等在内的自然、经济、社会复杂系统,在我国国民经济发展中占有重要的地位。位于山区的县占全国总县数的56％,其面积约占国土的2/3。对于山区土地长期不合理的开发经营,造成严重的资源破坏和水土流失,使土壤日趋干旱瘠薄,生产环境极度恶化。探讨开发山区的成功模式,尽快从根本上改变山区的贫困面貌,发挥山区的巨大经济优势,已成为现阶段我国经济发展中的重要课题。为此,我们于1982～1988年在泰安市郊区小兰沃村进行了山区果林(牧)生产综合技术开发研究,在生态农业经济理论指导下,以种植养殖为主,以水土保持、生物资源保护为根本措施,对小兰沃村的农、林、牧、副、渔结构进行了调整。通过科学治理,在小兰沃村建立了兼顾经济、生态和社会三大效益的农林牧复合生态生产系统,取得了良好的效果。
As a natural, economic and social complex system, mountainous areas, including hills, etc. occupy an important position in the development of our national economy. Counties located in mountainous regions account for 56% of the total number of counties in the country, accounting for about two-thirds of their total area. For the long-term unreasonable development and management of mountainous land, it has caused serious resource destruction and water and soil erosion, making the soil increasingly dry and infertile and the production environment extremely deteriorated. Exploring the successful mode of developing mountainous areas, fundamentally changing the poverty outlook in mountainous areas and bringing into full play the great economic advantages in mountainous areas have become an important issue in our country’s economic development at this stage. Therefore, in 1982 ~ 1988, we conducted the research on the comprehensive technology development of fruit grove (herd) production in Xiaolanwo village, a suburb of Tai’an city. Under the guidance of eco-agricultural economic theory, we mainly focused on planting and breeding, taking soil and water conservation, biological resources Protection is the fundamental measure, and the structure of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline and fisheries in Xiaolanwo village has been adjusted. Through scientific management, an eco-production system for agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and animal husbandry combining economic, ecological and social benefits has been established in Xiaolanwave Village and good results have been achieved.