明确的产业政策,作为经济政策的一个部分,70年代中期以前在发达国家没有加以研究。这是由以下经济原因造成的。60年代和70年代初,这些国家曾经有较高的经济增长,并伴随着较低的失业率。原料价格比较稳定和低廉,劳动力从农业流向工业和服务业也不太困难。对劳动力的过多需求,由于国外劳动力不断涌入而得到满足。这个时期的另一个特点是, Clear industrial policies, as part of economic policies, were not studied in developed countries until the mid-1970s. This is caused by the following economic reasons. In the 1960s and early 1970s, these countries used to have higher economic growth accompanied by lower rates of unemployment. The prices of raw materials are relatively stable and cheap, and the flow of labor from agriculture to industry and service industries is not too difficult. Excessive demands on the workforce have been met by the continuous influx of foreign labor. Another feature of this period is that,