为满足90年代及下一世纪空间开发的需要,必须研制比航天飞机更完善的反应时间短的多用途重复使用空天飞行器.美国兰利研究中心提出了11种方案,它们分属垂直起飞和水平起飞两大系列,包括单级、两级和三级等各种型号.对各个方案作了详细的分析和比较.研究的重点是飞行器的气动力和热力特性、材料、轨道和结构的最佳化,以及飞行中的有效载荷等. To meet the needs of space development in the 1990s and in the next century, it is necessary to develop a multipurpose space-purpose multipurpose space vehicle that has a better response time than a space shuttle and 11 programs are proposed by Langley Research Center of the United States of America, Level take-off two series, including single-level, two-level and three-level and other models.A detailed analysis and comparison of various programs.The research focuses on aerodynamic and thermal characteristics of aircraft, materials, orbits and structures Jiahua, as well as the flight payload.