本文以知人论世的方法 ,将刘知几的一生分为三个阶段进行了分析 ,认为超越的价值理想与现实秩序之间始终存在着紧张 ,这是决定刘知几政治态度的一大重要因素 ,也是理解他的学术思想的一大关键。同时还将《史通》一书置于中国传统史学发展演变的历史语境中 ,分别从目的论、方法论、史才论 (史家主体论 )、知识论等诸多方面 ,系统完整地阐述了刘知几的史学理论思想 ,认为《史通》一书不仅为以后史学的继续发展特别是理论方面的深化提供了新的思想前提 ,而且也为后世史家重新理解历史提供了具有启示意义的方法论新路径 This article analyzes the life of Liu Zhiji by dividing his life into three stages by the method of knowing others and discussing the world. He believes that there is always tension between the ideal of surpassing value and the actual order, which is an important factor that determines Liu Zhiqi’s political attitude. Factors, but also a key to understanding his academic thinking. At the same time, the book of Shi Tong was also placed in the historical context of the development and evolution of traditional Chinese historiography. From the aspects of Skopos Theory, Methodology, Sage Theory (Historians’ Subject Theory), and Epistemology, Knowing a few theories of historical science, we think that the Book of History not only provides a new ideological premise for the further development of historiography, especially the deepening of theory, but also provides enlightening methodological methodology for the later historians to understand history again. path