新型免疫抑制剂和免疫抑制方案的使用,大大提高了肾移植的效果,使得肾移植的一年生存率稳定在90%以上,但是对于肾移植的远期存活并没有太大影响,移植肾的5年存活率在扩大标准尸体供肾、普通尸体供肾、活体供肾分别为54%、69%和80%[1]。其中,慢性移植肾肾病(chronic allograftne The use of novel immunosuppressive agents and immunosuppressive regimens has greatly enhanced the effectiveness of kidney transplantation, resulting in a one-year survival rate of more than 90% in renal transplant recipients, but did not significantly affect the long-term survival of renal transplant recipients 5-year survival rate in the expansion of the standard cadaveric donor kidney, general cadaveric donor kidney, live donor kidney were 54%, 69% and 80%, respectively [1]. Among them, chronic allograft nephropathy (chronic allograftne