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为探讨微润灌溉对温室轻度盐碱地番茄土壤水盐的影响,通过设置3种不同埋深(10 cm、15 cm、20 cm),探究了不同微润带埋设深度下,膜内(番茄种植行)、膜间(番茄行间)土壤含水量和含盐量的变化特征。结果表明,膜内、膜间土壤水盐的变化规律在不同埋深下保持一致,膜内土壤水分随时间推移先增大后减小,盐分随时间推移逐渐减小;膜间土壤水分、盐分均随时间推移逐渐增大。膜间土壤含水量始终小于膜内,随着土层深度增加,膜内、膜间土壤含水量差距减小;表层土壤膜内、膜间土壤含水量差距最大,50~60 cm土层膜间与膜内土壤含水量基本趋于一致。微润带埋深大时,土壤含水量较高,开花结果期,20 cm、15 cm、10 cm埋深的土壤含水量分别为23.31%、24.46%及22.42%;且微润带埋深为10 cm时,膜内、膜间土壤含水量差值小于埋深为15 cm和20 cm。膜内土壤含盐量始终小于膜间,微润带埋深越小,膜内、膜间土壤含盐量差异也越小;全生育期内,膜内0~40 cm土层处于脱盐状态,脱盐率随深度增加逐渐降低,离微润带越近,脱盐效果越明显;40~60 cm土层土壤含水量少,盐分含量也较小,为轻微积盐状态。10~20 cm土层水分含量最大、盐分含量最小、脱盐率最高。膜间0~60 cm土层始终处于积盐状态,积盐率随深度增加逐渐降低,0~20 cm土层积盐率最高。开花结果期,20 cm、15 cm和10 cm埋深下,膜内10~20 cm土层平均最大脱盐率分别为24.66%、32.28%和14.71%,15 cm埋深下脱盐率最高;苗期和结果末期15 cm埋深处理脱盐率也达最高,平均最大脱盐率分别为27.42%、24.67%。研究结果充分说明微润带埋深对不同土层深度的洗盐效果具有显著影响。综合来看,微润带埋深15 cm时土层平均脱盐率和土壤平均含水率均最高,分别达到26.05%和25.1%,为番茄生长创造了一个良好的水盐环境,最有利于番茄生长发育,为最佳埋深。
In order to investigate the effect of micro-irrigation on soil water and salinity of tomato in light saline-alkali soil in greenhouse, the effects of micro-irrigation on soil water and salinity of tomato soil in mild saline soil were studied. By setting three different depths (10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm) Line), membrane (inter-tomato line) soil moisture content and salinity characteristics. The results showed that the variation of soil water and salt content in the membrane and membrane was consistent under different burial depths. The soil water content first increased and then decreased with the passage of time, and the salt content decreased gradually with the passage of time. The soil moisture, salinity All gradually increased over time. The soil water content between the membrane was always less than that of the membrane. As the depth of the soil increased, the difference of soil water content between the membrane and the membrane decreased. The difference of soil water content between the membrane and the membrane in the surface soil was the largest. With the membrane soil moisture content basically the same. The soil moisture content of micro-runoff zone was high when soil depth was large. The soil water content at the depth of 20 cm, 15 cm and 10 cm was 23.31%, 24.46% and 22.42%, respectively. At 10 cm, the difference in soil water content between the membrane and membrane was less than 15 cm and 20 cm. The salt content in the soil was always less than that between the membranes. The smaller the depth of the microlivration zone, the smaller the salinity difference between the membrane and the soil. During the whole growth period, the 0-40 cm soil layer was desalted, The desalination rate gradually decreased with increasing depth, and the closer the desalination effect was, the more obvious the desalination effect was. The soil moisture content in 40-60 cm soil layer was small, and the salt content was also small. Soil moisture in 10 ~ 20 cm soil layer is the largest with the lowest salt content and the highest salt rejection rate. The 0-60 cm soil layer between the two layers was always in the salt accumulation state. The salt accumulation rate decreased gradually with increasing depth, and the salt accumulation rate in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer was the highest. At the flowering stage, the average maximum desalination rates of 10-20 cm soil layers were 24.66%, 32.28% and 14.71% at the depths of 20 cm, 15 cm and 10 cm, respectively, and reached the highest at 15 cm depth. And the results of the final depth of 15 cm depth of desalination also reached the highest, the average maximum salt rejection rate was 27.42%, 24.67%. The results fully show that the depth of microlouration has a significant effect on the effect of salt washing on the depth of different soil layers. Taken together, the mean desalination rate and average soil water content of the soil at the depth of 15 cm were 26.05% and 25.1% respectively at the depth of 15 cm, which provided a good water and salt environment for tomato growth and was most conducive to tomato growth Development, for the best depth.