采用摩擦接触理论和有限元方法分别计算了路面不同结冰工况下的汽车制动距离,并进行现场制动试验验证。结果分析表明,采取防冰措施可大幅降低制动距离和提高行车安全性,建议冰雪天气控制行车速度不超过60km/h,小汽车和货车的车辆间距分别不低于80m和100m,且宜采取间断放行方式以策安全。 The frictional contact theory and the finite element method were used to calculate the braking distances of vehicles under different icing conditions and the field braking tests were carried out. The results show that taking anti-icing measures can greatly reduce the braking distance and improve the driving safety. It is suggested that the control speed of snow and ice weather should not exceed 60km / h, and the distance between cars and trucks should not be less than 80m and 100m, respectively. Intermittent release method to ensure safety.