清季以来,朝鲜对外关系逐渐由双边外交转变为多边外交。清朝的涉外机构礼部和总署不可避免地同时卷入了早期的朝美交涉中。朝鲜和美国都希望清朝能够出面帮助实现自身的外交目的。而礼部和总署均不愿过多干涉朝美纠纷。礼部不愿干涉的理由是传统的封贡礼仪秩序,而总署的理由则是以国家利益为转移,同时也是为了避免与礼部争权之嫌。 Since the Qing Dynasty, North Korea’s foreign relations have gradually shifted from bilateral diplomacy to multilateral diplomacy. The Rites and Department of Foreign Affairs in the Qing Dynasty were inevitably involved in the early negotiations between the DPRK and the United States. Both North Korea and the United States hope that the Qing Dynasty will come forward to help realize its own diplomatic goals. Both the Ministry and the Administration are reluctant to interfere too much in the DPRK dispute. The reasons for the Rebellion’s unwillingness to interfere are the traditional order of tribute to the tribute tribute, while the reason for the Redemption Department is to shift the interest of the state and to avoid the suspicion of competing with the Revere.