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目的 探讨空气对小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化的诱导作用,建立非手术法小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化诱导技术.方法 利用小鼠非手术法胚胎移植器,通过子宫颈向30只假孕3. 5 d小鼠单侧子宫角移植2 μl空气,诱导子宫内膜蜕膜化,观察蜕膜化子宫形态并测量其直径和重量,HE染色观察细胞形态,RT-PCR检测蜕膜化相关标记基因表达.结果 移植空气诱导25只假孕小鼠出现不同程度的蜕膜化现象.与对照侧子宫角相比,空气移植侧子宫角明显肿大、增粗、增重,子宫内膜毛细血管通透性增加,蜕膜化标记基因环氧化物水解酶-2(COX-2) 、泌乳素(Prl)3c1、Prl8a2等高表达,且细胞出现多核现象.结论 利用非手术法子宫内移植空气可以高效诱导小鼠子宫内膜蜕膜化.“,”Objective To establish a non-surgical induced decidualization technique in mice, and to explore the air-induced decidua in this study. Methods Clean air (2 μl ) was transferred into unilateral uterine horn of 30 pseudopregnant 3. 5 days mice by a non-surgical transfer method. The morphology, weight, diameter, cellular differentiation, and decidua-related marker genes in air-induced decidua were detected. Results After air transfer four days, twenty-five pseudopregnant mice displayed different degree of decidualization phenomenon. Compared to the control side uterine horn, air-transferred uterine horns appeared significantly dilation and overweight with increased diameter. The permeability of uterine endometria was extensively spread along the whole horns. Three decidualization-realated marker genes [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2 ), prolactin (Prl ) 3c1 and Prl8a2] had a higher expression level. In addition, polykaryocytes was observed in air-induced decidua. Conclusion Mouse uterine endometrial decidualization can be effectively induced by a non-surgical air transfer method.