如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态。动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分。一般式being+done表动作与谓语动作同时发生或没有时间性，有时也表示其动作发生在谓语动作之前。完成式having been done表动作发生在谓语动作之前。
　　动词-ing形式在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、 宾语补足语和状语, 但不能单独作谓语。
　　1. 作主语
　　Being kept waiting is annoying. 久等让人恼火。
　　His not having been chosen disappointed us. 他没有被选中令我们很失望。
　　2. 作宾语
　　I appreciate being given a chance to go abroad. 我感谢被给予一个出国的机会。
　　A killer whale can protect humans from being attacked. 虎鲸可以保护人类免受攻击。
　　He is upset at not having been invited to the meeting. 他很难过,因为没有被邀请去参加那个会议。
　　3. 作表语
　　What surprised us was his not having been invited. 他没有被邀请让我很惊讶。
　　4. 作定语
　　That building being repaired now is our library. 正在翻修的那座楼是我们的图书馆。
　　5. 作宾语
　　He is accustomed to being left alone at home. 他习惯于被一个人留在家里。
　　6. 作宾语补足语
　　We feel helpless to see the building being burnt. 看着那栋大楼被烧，我们觉得很无助。
　　7. 作状语
　　Being held up by the killer whale, he was not afraid of the shark. 被虎鲸高高举起，他不害怕鲨鱼。
　　Having been told many times, he couldn’t understand it. 尽管被告知好几次了,他都不明白。
　　此外，还有用动词-ing形式主动式表被动含义的情况应该注意：
　　在want, need, demand, deserve, require等动词词后, 尽管表示的是被动含义，我们却用动词-ing形式，这里动词-ing形式的含义与不定式的被动形式相同。如：
　　The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be cleaned.
　　Her method is worth trying. = Her method is worthy of being tried.
　　[【练习】]
　　1.________ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin. (expose)
　　2. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief________. (catch)
　　3.________ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.（bite）
　　4. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention________ when we talked on the phone. (promote)
　　5. Tony was very unhappy for________to the party. (invite)
　　[【参考答案】]
　　1. Being exposed
　　2. the thief being caught
　　3. Bitten
　　4. having been promoted
　　5. not having been invited