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目的了解山西省饮水型地方性氟中毒流行现状,为防治工作提供依据。方法按照《2010年度国家饮水型地方性氟中毒防治项目技术方案》要求,随机选取6个病区县作为监测点,每个监测点随机抽取10个改水工程,监测改水工程运行情况;在每个监测点抽取3个村,对未改水村进行水源水氟检测;对已改水村进行降氟改水工程运行情况调查和水氟测定;在每个村检查全部8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。儿童氟斑牙调查采用Dean氏法。结果共调查降氟改水工程60个,水氟含量合格工程46个,合格率为76.67%;共监测已改水村17个,水氟含量合格工程11个,合格率为64.71%;监测未改水村1个,水氟浓度均值为2.28 mg/L。已改水村检查8～12岁学生1 409人,氟斑牙检出率为31%,缺损型氟斑牙检出率为5%,氟斑牙指数为0.7;未改水村检查8～12岁学生77人,氟斑牙检出率为29%,氟斑牙指数为0.5。结论山西省儿童氟斑牙病情稳定,部分改水工程水氟超标,今后应加大改水力度,保证工程质量,进一步提高防治效果。
Objective To understand the prevalence of endemic fluorosis in drinking water in Shanxi Province and provide basis for prevention and control. Methods Six ward counties were randomly selected as the monitoring points according to the requirements of the 2010 National Drinking Water Program for Fluorosis Prevention and Control Project, and 10 water diversion projects were randomly selected from each monitoring site to monitor the operation of the water diversion project. Three villages were sampled at each monitoring point, and fluoride of water source water was tested for those villages that had not been changed; waterflooding and fluoridation were carried out on the water-reducing projects in the villages that had been changed to water; in all villages, fluoride spots of all children aged 8 to 12 Dental illness. Children’s dental fluorosis survey using Dean’s method. Results A total of 60 water-reducing and water-remediation projects were investigated, of which 46 were qualified for water-fluorine content, with a pass rate of 76.67%. A total of 17 water-modified fluorine-contaminated water projects and 11 water-fluorine qualified projects were tested with a pass rate of 64.71% Water Village 1, the average fluoride concentration of 2.28 mg / L. Has been diverted to the village to check 1 409 students aged 8 to 12 years, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 31%, the rate of dental fluorosis was 5%, dental fluorosis index was 0.7; did not change the water village check 8 to 12 years old 77 students, dental fluorosis detection rate of 29%, dental fluorosis index of 0.5. Conclusion The dental fluorosis of children in Shanxi Province is stable and some of the water projects in the water diversion projects exceed the standard. In the future, efforts should be made to improve the water quality, ensure the quality of the projects and further improve the control effects.