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匈牙利的大企业和托拉斯主要是在六十年代中期前建立的,七十年代又新建、扩建了一些,与东欧其他国家的联合体,特别是民主德国的国营企业管理处大致相当。建立这些大企业和托拉斯的目的是使集中计划经济运转得更顺利,更有效。1968年改革时,撤销一些大企业则是为了开展市场竞争。为了取消对企业下达指令性计划,匈牙利近年来对国家经济组织进一步实行了改革。目前影响工业结构的主要因素可分为以下两类:
The major Hungarian enterprises and trusts were established mainly in the mid-1960s. In the 1970s, a number of new constructions and extensions were built. They were roughly equivalent to the joint ventures of other countries in Eastern Europe, especially the state-owned enterprises of the Democratic Republic of Germany. The purpose of establishing these large corporations and trusts is to make the centralized planned economy run more smoothly and effectively. At the time of the reforms in 1968, the revocation of some large companies was aimed at competition in the market. In order to cancel the issuing of mandatory plans for enterprises, Hungary has in recent years further reformed the national economic organizations. The main factors that currently affect the industrial structure can be divided into the following two categories: