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本文详细地研究了小孢子发育时期、基因型与培养条件对羽衣甘蓝小孢子胚胎发生的影响,建立了一个稳定、高频地获得小孢子胚胎的有效体系。结果表明,不同基因型材料相同大小的花蕾其小孢子发育时期存在很大差异,需针对不同基因型材料选取适合大小的花蕾。供试的37个基因型中,有20个获得了胚状体,占供试材料的54.1%,其中基因型‘桃舞’获得了最高的出胚率,为123.6个·皿-1。自交系的出胚率比商业品种和F1代杂种的出胚率要低得多,且自交代数越高,小孢子的胚胎发生能力就越弱。在热激培养48h后加液培养对小孢子的发育能起到积极作用,向培养基中添加激素和活性炭对小孢子的胚胎发生无促进作用。
In this paper, the effects of microspore development, genotypes and culture conditions on the embryogenesis of kale microspores were studied in detail, and an efficient and stable system for obtaining microspore embryos was established. The results showed that buds with the same size and different genotypes had very different microspore developmental stages, and flower buds of the appropriate size should be selected for different genotypes. Among 37 tested genotypes, 20 obtained embryoid bodies, accounting for 54.1% of the tested materials. The genotype “Peach Dance” obtained the highest embryogenic rate, which was 123.6 pieces. The inbred rate of inbred lines was much lower than that of commercial and F1 hybrids, and the higher the selfing crosses, the weaker the embryogenesis ability of microspores. 48 h after heat shock culture liquid culture on microspore development can play a positive role in the medium to add hormones and activated carbon on the microspore embryo did not promote the role.