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目的对2011-15-3等4个茶树新品系进行亲缘关系分析,以期为新品系的识别、新品种登记及育种亲本选配提供可靠依据。方法利用文献开发的24对EST-SSR引物,对4个茶树新品系等7份材料进行PCR扩增,在所得相似系数的基础上进行UPGMA聚类,并绘制亲缘关系树状聚类图。结果 24对引物共扩增出69个等位位点,平均2.88;平均杂合度观测值(Ho)、平均杂合度期望值(He)、Shannon指数的平均值分别为0.42、0.54、0.75,相似系数变幅为0.47~0.89。槠叶齐、碧香早、高芽齐的后代与其母本相似系数值分别高达0.84、0.79、0.79、0.78。根据相似系数矩阵按UPGMA法进行聚类,在相似系数平均值0.66处可将参试的7份材料分为3类:第Ⅰ类为高芽齐和2011-34-1,第Ⅱ类为槠叶齐、2011-21-1和2011-21-3,第Ⅲ类为碧香早和2011-15-3。结论明确了4个茶树新品系与其他品种的亲缘关系及品种间的遗传距离。
Objective To analyze the genetic relationship of 4 new tea lines such as 2011-15-3 in order to provide a reliable basis for the identification of new lines, registration of new varieties and selection of breeding parents. Methods Based on 24 pairs of EST-SSR primers developed in the literature, 7 materials, including 4 new lines of tea tree, were amplified by PCR. Based on the obtained similarity coefficients, UPGMA clustering was performed and the phylogenetic tree map was drawn. RESULTS: A total of 69 alleles were amplified with 24 pairs of primers, with an average of 2.88. The average observed heterozygosity (Ho), mean heterozygosity (He) and Shannon index were 0.42,0.54,0.75, The amplitude is 0.47 ~ 0.89. Qi Ye, Bixiang early, high bud Qi offspring and their female similar coefficient values were as high as 0.84,0.79,0.79,0.78. According to the similarity coefficient matrix clustering by UPGMA method, the seven materials tested can be divided into three categories at the average similarity coefficient of 0.66: the first type is Gaoya Qihe 2011-34-1, the second type is 槠Ye Qi, 2011-21-1 and 2011-21-3, the third category is Bixiang early and 2011-15-3. Conclusion The genetic relationship between four new lines of tea tree and other varieties and the genetic distance between varieties were clarified.