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引言到目前为止,移动通信的发展历程大致经历了三代。第一代模拟蜂窝移动通信系统(1G)几乎没有采取安全措施,移动台把其电子序列号(ESN)和网络分配的移动台识别号(MIN)以明文方式传送至网络,若二者相符,即可实现用户的接入,结果造成大量的“克隆”手机,使用户和运营商深受其害;第二代数字蜂窝移动通信系统(2G)主要有基于时分多址(TDMA)的GSM系统、DAMPS系统及基于码分多址(CDMA)的CDMA one系统,这两类系统安全机制的实现有很大区别,但都是基于私钥密码体制,采用共享秘密数据(私钥)的安全协议,实现对接入用户的认证和数据信息的保密,在身份认证及加密算法等方面存在着许多安全隐患;第三代移动通信系统(3G)在2G的基础上进行了改进,继承了2G系统安全的优点,同时针对3G系统的新特性,定义了更加完善的安全特征与安全服务。
Introduction So far, the development of mobile communications generally go through three generations. In the first generation of analog cellular mobile communication system (1G), almost no security measures were taken. The mobile station transmits its electronic serial number (ESN) and network assigned mobile station identification number (MIN) in plaintext to the network. If the two match, So that users and operators suffer a great deal. The second generation of digital cellular mobile communication systems (2G) mainly include time division multiple access (TDMA) based GSM systems, DAMPS systems and CDMA one systems based on Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), the security mechanisms of these two systems are very different, but they are all based on the private key cryptosystem, which uses the shared secret data Security protocol to achieve access to user authentication and data security, identity authentication and encryption algorithms and so there are many security risks; third-generation mobile communication system (3G) on the basis of 2G has been improved, inherited 2G system security advantages, while the new features for the 3G system, defines a more comprehensive security features and security services.