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目的:探讨急诊科中急性中毒的流行病学特点。方法:在患者入院前,用专门的《急性中毒病人登记表》对患者性别、年龄、职业、中毒原因等基本情况进行详细的登记备案,通过统计此登记表,对急性中毒的流行病特点进行分析。结果:2012年间我院急诊科共接诊治疗急性中毒患者326人,其中男146人,占44.79%,女180人,占55.21%,男女性别病例比为1∶1.23;以21-40岁为高发年龄段;在这些中毒患者中,无业、农民、工人及儿童居多;在急性中毒中自杀患者最多,有140人,占42.94%;中毒类别中药物、酒精、农药、鼠药、食物及化学品中毒居前几位;在对患者毒物侵入途径的分析中,绝大多数患者属于经消化道摄入,有278例,占85.27%。结论:急诊科中急性中毒反映了急诊中毒的流行病学特征,能够为临床治疗提供有效参考。
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of acute poisoning in emergency department. Methods: The patient’s sex, age, occupation, cause of poisoning and other basic conditions were registered and recorded in detail with the special “Acute Poisoning Patient Registration Form” before the patient was admitted to the hospital. Through the statistics of this registration form, the epidemic characteristics of acute poisoning analysis. Results: A total of 326 acute poisoning patients were admitted to our emergency department during the year of 2012, including 146 males (44.79%) and 180 females (55.21%), with male to female ratio of 1: 1.23; Among the poisoned patients, most of them were unemployed, peasants, workers and children; the suicide patients were the most among acute poisoning cases, accounting for 42.94% of all cases; poisoning category Chinese medicines, alcohol, pesticides, rat drugs, food and chemistry In the analysis of pathways of poison invaders, the vast majority of patients belong to the gastrointestinal tract, with 278 cases (85.27%). Conclusion: Acute poisoning in emergency department reflects the epidemiological characteristics of emergency poisoning and can provide an effective reference for clinical treatment.