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晋商股份经营制度是与商品经济全球范围内的初步交流,商业竞争充分化程度不高的时代背景联系在一起的,其特点是总经理集权,对客户的无限责任以及对员工实行终身雇佣。一旦商品经济社会化程度提高,商业竞争高度充分化,晋商股份经营制度就必须向限制总经理权力,废除终身雇佣制度,实行有限责任的方向转变。但是对总经理决策失误纠偏功能的弱化,使得票号迟迟不能向银行转轨,终至集体性衰败。
The business system of Shanxi Merchants is linked to the initial exchanges within the global scope of the commodity economy, and the background of the degree of commercial competition is not high enough. The characteristics are the centralization of the general manager, the unlimited liability to the customers, and the employment of the employees for life. Once the degree of economic socialization of commodities is improved, and commercial competition is highly adequate, the operating system of Shanxi Merchants shares must be to limit the power of the general manager, abolish the lifelong employment system, and implement the direction of limited liability changes. However, the weakening of the general manager’s decision-making error correction function made it impossible for the ticket number to transition to the bank and eventually to collective decline.