五一般把呼吸的类型分为三种。现将其特点及其与发音的关系作扼要说明: 一、胸式呼吸分为上胸式和下胸式呼吸。上胸式呼吸又包括锁骨式呼吸。锁骨式呼吸的特点是双肩耸起,呼吸辅助肌——颈部肌肉强烈紧张,其呼吸方式象频繁的大喘气一样,呼吸消耗量是比较大的,以至影响到喉内肌处于紧张状态。用这种呼吸方式发音,对发声器官是极为不利的。我们见到有人悲痛地哭时,由于用此锁骨式呼吸,哭不了几声嗓音就哑了,即是明证。上胸式呼吸的特点是上部肋骨和胸骨提得很高,没有充分发挥下部肋骨的扩展作用。胸腔的容积及吸气量基本上和锁骨式呼吸一样,所好的一点只是肌肉紧张的程度仅次于锁骨式呼吸。由于上述呼吸位置高、气息浮浅、消耗量大、不能保持的缘故,传统称为“喉呼吸”,意思是说只能把气 Five types of breathing is generally divided into three types. Now its characteristics and its relationship with pronunciation for a brief description: First, the chest breathing is divided into upper chest and lower chest breathing. Breast-breathing and including the clavicular breathing. Clavicular breathing is characterized by shoulders rise, breathing aid muscle - neck muscles are strongly nervous, breathing like frequent big breath, breathing consumption is relatively large, and even affect the tension in the throat. Pronunciation in this way of breathing is extremely detrimental to the vocal organs. When we see someone cry in grief, as we can not cry for a few more voices with this clavicular breathing, that is evidence. On the chest breathing is characterized by high ribs and sternum raised very high, did not give full play to the expansion of the lower ribs. Chest volume and inspiratory volume is basically the same as the clavicular breathing, the good thing is only the degree of muscle tension after the clavicular breathing. Due to the high breathing position, the atmosphere superficial, the consumption of large, can not maintain the sake of the traditional called “laryngeal breathing” means that only gas