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【目的】观察‘瓯柑’及其无子突变体的花粉形态和花药发育过程,探讨‘无子瓯柑’花粉败育的时期和方式。【方法】以雄性不育的‘无子瓯柑’和可育的有子瓯柑为试材,采用半薄树脂切片、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法对其花药发育过程和花粉形态进行观察。【结果】有子瓯柑花粉粒饱满,‘无子瓯柑’花粉粒多干瘪、畸形。‘无子瓯柑’小孢子母细胞形成期正常,在四分体时期开始出现异常,在单核期出现明显异常,虽然能形成花粉壁,但小孢子细胞质收缩、解体,最终只剩余空瘪的花粉壳。在成熟花粉粒时期,‘无子瓯柑’花药的绒毡层附近有大量的脂类物质残存,营养物质未能被花粉粒充分利用,有子瓯柑绒毡层附近无脂类物质残存,营养物质被花粉粒利用充分。【结论】‘无子瓯柑’花粉母细胞正常,花粉败育开始于小孢子母细胞减数分裂期至四分体时期,小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程的不正常是导致其花粉败育的主要原因。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to observe the pollen morphology and anther development of ’Ou-tan’ and its offspring and to discuss the timing and manner of pollen abortion in ’No-seed-orange’. 【Method】 The anther development process and pollen morphology were observed by semi-thin resin slice, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. 【Result】 There is full of pollen grains in sub-mandarin oranges. ’Zi Miao orange’ microspore mother cell formation period is normal, began to appear abnormal in the tetrad stage, at the mononuclear stage significant abnormalities, although the formation of pollen wall, but the microspore cytoplasm contraction, disintegration, and ultimately only the remaining empty flat Pollen shell. During the period of mature pollen grains, there was a large amount of lipid material remaining in the tapetum of the ’Zi’ao’ao’ anther, the nutrients were not fully utilized by the pollen grains, the remaining non-lipid material remained in the vicinity of the tapetum, Nutrient is fully utilized by pollen grains. 【Conclusion】 Pollen mother cells from ’Zi’ao’ao’ were normal, and pollen abortion started from meiosis to tetrad of microspore mother cells. Abnormal meiosis of microspore mother cells resulted in pollen abortion The main reason.