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如何平衡野生植物的保护与开发的关系已成为亟需解决的社会问题。本文以药用兰科植物铁皮石斛(Dendrobium catenatum)为例,提出在发达地区建立生产和深加工基地,建立公司+林场+农户参与栽培的组织体系,利用铁皮石斛特性促进岩溶和丹霞地貌生态保护,即在岩溶和丹霞贫困地区自然环境下进行种群野外回归增加资源存量,并实施可持续性收获,增加栖息地的保护动力。这种经济利益引导的保护模式与西方发达国家的濒危物种保护模式有别,但更适合中国国情,可在实现经济效益的同时促进兰科物种恢复和保护。
How to balance the protection and development of wild plants has become an urgent social problem to be solved. Taking Dendrobium catenatum as an example, this paper proposes to set up a production and deep processing base in the developed areas and establish an organizational system in which the company + forest farms + farmers participate in cultivation. The characteristics of Dendrobium candidum are used to promote the ecological protection of karst and Danxia landscape , That is, in the karst and poor areas of Danxia natural environment, population return to the wild to increase the stock of resources, and the implementation of sustainable harvest, increase habitat protection incentives. The protection mode guided by economic interests is different from the protected species endangered species in western developed countries, but it is more suitable for China’s national conditions and can promote the recovery and protection of Orchidaceae species while realizing economic benefits.