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本实验用10个普通小麦和黑麦的双单倍体与5个六倍体小黑麦进行杂交。结果表明:普通小麦和黑麦的双单倍体与六倍体小黑麦杂交结实率平均为1.25%。亲本组合对3种间杂交结实率有很大的影响;F_1代植株染色体数目变化于41～49之间,大部分为2n=44～47。由于大量非整倍体的存在,F_1代各组合植株很不一致,育性降低。F_2代表现出广泛分离,并普遍存在超亲现象。在各组合中,大部分为小黑麦型,还出现中间型、普通小麦型、硬粒小麦型、分枝小黑麦型等类型。在 F_2代中,具有2n=42的植株占47.22%,育性恢复达58.88%。选择到综合性状优良的六倍体小黑麦材料。试验表明普通小麦和黑麦的双单倍体与六倍体小黑麦3种间杂交是改良六倍体小黑麦有希望的方法。
In this experiment, 10 diploids of common wheat and rye were crossed with 5 hexaploid triticale. The results showed that the average seed setting rate of double haploid and hexaploid triticale was 1.25% in common wheat and rye. The parental combinations had a great influence on the seed setting rate of the three crosses. The number of chromosomes in F1 plants varied from 41 to 49, mostly 2n = 44 to 47. Due to the presence of a large number of aneuploidy, F 1 generation of each combination of plants is very inconsistent, fertility decreased. F_2 represents the emergence of a wide range of separation, and the prevalence of ultra-pro-phenomenon. In all combinations, the majority are triticale, and intermediate, ordinary wheat, durum wheat, branched triticale and others are also present. Among F2 generation, plants with 2n = 42 accounted for 47.22%, and fertility recovery reached 58.88%. Choose to the comprehensive traits of hexaploid triticale material. Trials have shown that crossbreeding of double haploids and hexaploid tritree from common wheat and rye is a promising method to improve hexaploid tritium.