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【目的】探讨硫化氢后处理对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。【方法】健康成年S‐D雄性大鼠30只,随机分成3组,每组10只。假手术组(S组)仅开胸并分离冠状动脉左前降支,但不阻断血流150 min;缺血再灌注组(IR组)行冠状动脉左前降支阻断30 min ,再灌注120 min;硫化氢后处理组(H组)于开放左冠状动脉即刻1 min内静推硫化氢0.05 mg/kg ,再灌注120 min。再灌注末抽血测肌酸激酶同工酶(CK‐MB)水平,免疫印迹法测心肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPAR‐γ)的表达。【结果】和IR组相比,H组血清中CK‐MB的含量降低,PPAR‐γ表达增高,且两组相比较差异有显著性( P <0.05)。【结论】硫化氢后处理有心肌保护作用,可能与其促进心肌PPAR‐γ表达有关。“,”Objective]To explore the mechanism of hydrogen sulfide postconditioning on myocardial ische‐mia reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats .[Methods]A total of 30 Sprague‐Dawley male rats were randomly as‐signed into 3 groups of sham ,I/R and hydrogen sulfide (H) ( n=10 each) .Group sham was perfused for 150 min ,group I/R underwent 30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion and group H received NaHS 0 .05 mg/kg immediately after 30 min ischemia in 1 min and before 120 min reperfusion .Arterial blood samples were drawn at the end of reperfusion for determining the plasma level of CK‐MB .And peroxisome proliferator‐activated re‐ceptor γ (PPAR‐γ) was measured by Western blot .[Results]The levels of CK‐MB were significantly lower in group H than those in group I/R .And the PPAR‐γprotein expression in myocardium was significantly lower in group H than that in group IR .[Conclusion]The hydrogen sulfide postconditioning attenuates myocardial I/R injury possibly through up‐regulating PPAR‐γexpression in rats .