主要研究了压铸冲头进行激光表面熔化处理的工艺过程，分析了熔化层表面残余应力的产生及裂纹形成的过程。根据压铸冲头与压室的实际磨损情况，进行了高温模拟试验。结果表明，经激光表面熔化处理的压铸冲头，其使用寿命提高近５０倍，而且压室的磨损较小，能有效地防止熔化层裂纹的形成。 Mainly studied the process of laser surface melting process of die-casting punch, analyzed the formation of residual stress on the surface of melt layer and the process of crack formation. According to the actual wear conditions of die-casting punch and pressure chamber, high-temperature simulation test was carried out. The results show that the die-casting punch melted by the laser surface can increase the service life by nearly 50 times, and the wear of the pressure chamber is small, which can effectively prevent the formation of the crack in the melt layer.