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改革开放撼动城乡二元结构,结果之一是农民工的出现。第二代农民工与第一代农民工、市民皆有差异,在心灵上与城市、乡村存在双重亲近与疏离;这一方面与其农村生活时间短、接受现代化教育、尤其是与他们的城市期望使之认同城市有关,另一方面,文化观念、相对剥削和社会排斥等又令他们对城市有所疏离。这种疏离感不利于社会团结及其自身的心理健康;化解之道在原则上宜执两用中:一方面提高城市职业群体的人文化,另一方面推进不失乡村记忆的、有机发展的乡镇化。
Reform and opening up shake the dual structure of urban and rural areas, one of the results is the emergence of migrant workers. The second generation of migrant workers and the first generation of migrant workers, citizens are different, in the spirit of urban and rural existence double close and alienation; on the one hand with their rural life is short, to accept modern education, especially with their city expectations Making them recognized as city-related. On the other hand, cultural concepts, relative exploitation and social exclusion make them alienated from the city. This sense of alienation is detrimental to social solidarity and its own mental health. In principle, the solution should be implemented in a dual way: on the one hand, to enhance the human culture of urban occupational groups; on the other, to promote the organic development Township.