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谋求运载火箭商业化是90年代空间开发的动向之一.当前各国都在改进或研制大型、高效、成本低的运载火箭.90年代运载火箭的开发动向是:重型/中型化;多功能,即不但运送重载荷,还能运送大尺寸载荷;成本低;时效好,为此欧洲推出了现有型号的群集组装方案;灵活性,采用载荷适配器,一箭多星/多载荷发射方式将更为普遍.大型运载火箭的另一发展趋势是级数不断减少.最后详细介绍90年代的各种运载火箭的性能和开发动向.
The commercialization of launch vehicles is one of the trends in the development of space in the 90s. At present, all countries are improving or developing large-scale, high-efficiency and low-cost launch vehicles. The development trends of launch vehicles in the 1990s are: heavy-duty / medium-sized; Not only ship heavy loads, but also carry large size loads; low cost; good aging, for which Europe has introduced the existing model of the cluster assembly scheme; flexibility, using load adapters, multi-satellite / multi-load launch mode will be more Another general trend of large-scale launch vehicles is the continuous decline of the series.Finally, the performance and development trends of various launch vehicles in the 1990s are described in detail.