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根据作用机制不同,促性腺激素释放激素类似物(GnRH-A)可分为两类:激动剂和拮抗剂。研究证实,约80%的卵巢癌以及子宫内膜癌能够表达GnRH及其受体,GnRH-A通过间接抑制下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴或通过自分泌及旁分泌直接抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖。GnRH-A曾被用于治疗晚期或复发的子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌,但疗效不明显。而目前研究的热点是将GnRH-A用于保留早期子宫内膜癌患者的生育功能以及保护肿瘤化疗患者的卵巢功能。GnRH-A还可用于妇科恶性肿瘤的靶向治疗。
Depending on the mechanism of action, gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH-A) can be divided into two categories: agonists and antagonists. Studies confirm that about 80% of ovarian and endometrial cancers can express GnRH and its receptor, and GnRH-A directly inhibits tumor cell proliferation by indirectly inhibiting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis or by autocrine and paracrine. GnRH-A has been used to treat advanced or recurrent endometrial and ovarian cancer, but the effect is not obvious. The current research focus is to use GnRH-A to preserve the reproductive function of patients with early endometrial cancer and to protect the ovarian function of patients undergoing chemotherapy. GnRH-A can also be used for the targeted treatment of gynecological malignancies.