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为使运动员在训练和比赛中有良好技术表现,对游泳推进力和动态阻力的测量进行了研究。提出了一种利用微小附加阻力的方法,用于在泳池中测量游泳运动员游进时的动态阻力。实验中测量运动员在附加小阻力前后的游进速度,并记录附加阻力值,代入到在推进力不变假设条件下导出的阻力计算公式,即可得到动态阻力值。应用设计的装置实测了一些运动员在自由泳和蛙泳时的动态阻力和阻力系数。结果表明,不同泳姿下水对人体的阻碍作用不同,阻力系数可作为泳姿的评价参数。该结果可为指导训练和分析运动员技术动作提供参考。
In order to make athletes have a good technical performance in training and competition, the measurement of swimming propulsion and dynamic resistance were studied. A method of using small additional resistance is proposed for measuring the dynamic resistance of a swimmer while swimming in a swimming pool. In the experiment, we measured the swim speed of the athlete before and after the additional small resistance, and recorded the additional resistance value, which was substituted into the resistance formula derived under the assumption of the propulsive force to obtain the dynamic resistance value. The designed device measures the dynamic and drag coefficients of some athletes during freestyle and breaststroke. The results show that the water of different swimmers has different hindering effect on human body, and the resistance coefficient can be used as the evaluation parameter of swimming posture. This result can provide reference for training and analyzing athletes’ technical actions.