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目的为预防害鼠随青藏铁路出入西藏自治区(西藏),并造成对西藏和内地的危害,防止鼠疫等鼠传疾病随铁路流行,对青藏铁路沿线那曲段草场鼠类群落组成及密度进行调查。方法在青藏铁路沿线的那曲、安多县和附近的班戈、聂荣、比如及嘉黎县草场,安多县河川草地及那曲县香茂乡青藏铁路护坡和农舍采用夹日法调查。结果草场共收回有效夹1828夹,捕鼠145只,另53只鼠残体,捕获率为10.83%,其中捕获鼠2种,加上河川草地捕获鼠2种,及观察到鼠1种,草场以高原鼠兔为优势种,另有少量的长尾仓鼠、白尾松田鼠和喜马拉雅旱獭;铁路护坡捕获高原鼠兔1种,另有1只鼠残体;农舍布放有效夹286夹,捕鼠20只,在青藏铁路沿线的农舍以小家鼠和白尾松田鼠为主要害鼠。草场捕获率以7月那曲县为最高,达30.32%。结论青藏铁路那曲段草场以高原鼠兔为优势种,青藏铁路沿线的那曲县香茂乡农舍以小家鼠为优势种;未发现褐家鼠和黄胸鼠分布,但需要加强监控;鼠密度高的地方需要治理。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the composition and density of rodent community in Nagqu pasture along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in order to prevent pests from entering and leaving the Tibet Autonomous Region (Tibet) along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and endangering the disease in Tibet and the hinterland. Methods Nagasaki along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Ando County and nearby Bangor, Nie Rong, such as grassland and Jiali County, Amdo County, Hohhot, Jiangxi Province grassland and Xiangmao Xiangtan Qinghai-Tibet Railway slope protection and farmhouse using folder day method of investigation. Results In the pasture, 1828 folders were effectively collected, 145 rats were caught, and the remaining 53 rats were captured. The capture rate was 10.83%. Among them, 2 species were captured, 2 species were captured in the river grassland, 1 species were observed in the pasture, The plateau pika is the dominant species, and a small amount of long-haired hamster, white-tailed pine and Himalayan marmot; railway plateau capture plateau pika 1 species, and another 1 rat residual body; 20, in the farm house along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to Mus musculus and white-tailed pine voles as the main rat. Pasture catch rate in July Nagqu County is highest, reaching 30.32%. Conclusion The plateau pika in the Naqu section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway is dominated by plateau pika. The farm house in Xiangmao, Nagqu County along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is dominated by Musca domestica. However, the distribution of norovirus High places need governance.