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结肠癌是消化道最常见恶性肿瘤之一。在过去的10年里，结肠癌的辅助治疗取得了巨大进步。虽然外科手术是治疗结肠癌的中流砥柱，但是辅助治疗也是增加结肠癌患者无病生存期和总生存期的一个重要方面。在接受根治性手术后的结肠癌患者中，约1／3的患者伴有区域淋巴结转移，1／4的患者虽不伴有区域淋巴结转移但存在高危复发因素。辅助治疗的作用就是消除微转移肿瘤沉积物，这种微转移沉积物可以增加癌症复发的机会。本文将对辅助化疗疗程、不同临床分期患者如何辅助化疗、老年患者的辅助化疗及国际上普遍存在的争议等方面的进展作一综述。“,”Colon cancer is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancy. In the past decade,the adjuvant therapy of co-lon cancer has made great progress. Although surgery is the mainstay of treatment in colon cancer, adjuvant treatment is also an impor-tant aspect of increasing disease-free survival and overall survival in patients with colon cancer. In patients with colon cancer who suffer radical surgery, approximately one-third of patients are with regional lymph node metastasis, and one-quarter of patients are not associ-ated with regional lymph node metastasis, but they have high risk factors for recurrence. The role of adjuvant therapy is to eliminate cancer micrometastasis sediments,which can increase the chance of cancer recurrence. In this article, the duration of chemotherapy, how do patients with different clinical stages start adjuvant therapy, adjuvant therapy of elderly patients and international prevailing dis-putes about adjuvant therapy are reviewed.