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从1981～1984年,上海市徐汇区结核病防治所登记了确诊为肺结核新发病的中、小学生共36名,采用1病例——2对照的研究方法,发现无卡介苗接种疤痕(简称卡痕)组的肺结核发病的相对危险度为有卡痕组的14倍(p<0.001);家庭接触组为无家庭接触组的6.5倍(p<0.001)。在有、无卡痕组与有、无家庭接触组分别纠正了接触因素和卡痕因素后,两者的结核发病人数在统计学上仍有非常显著差别(p<0.001),但经济因素和居住条件未发现明显差别。据此,我们认为要减轻中、小学生的结核发病率,(1)必须注意做好新生儿的卡介苗初种和儿童复种工作;(2)应及早发现传染源,并通过化疗使他们失去传染性。
From 1981 to 1984, a total of 36 secondary and primary school students were newly registered in the Xuhui District Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute of Shanghai Municipality. A case-2 control study was conducted and no BCG vaccination scar was found Had a 14-fold relative risk of developing tuberculosis (p <0.001) compared with those who had a keloid mark; 6.5 times more likely to have a family touch (p <0.001) than those who did not. There was still a statistically significant difference in the incidence of tuberculosis between the two groups (p <0.001), with and without the card-mark group and with and without the family contact group, respectively. However, economic factors and No significant differences in living conditions were found. Therefore, we think it is necessary to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis in primary and secondary school students. (1) We must pay attention to the early initiation of BCG vaccination and child re-seed work in newborns. (2) The source of infection should be detected early and they should not be contagious through chemotherapy .