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全球天然气水合物CH_4的含量是已探明矿物燃料总储量的2倍以上,由此,天然气水合物被认为是21世纪最具发展前景的新型能源。传统的方法如降压法,热激法和化学注剂法的实验研究已日趋完善。同时,二氧化碳置换技术正受到国内外学者的广泛关注。二氧化碳置换开采天然气水合物不仅可以避免传统开采过程中可能造成的地质灾害,还可以把二氧化碳以水合物形式封存在原甲烷水合物藏中,这对于解决能源危机和温室效应都具有很大帮助。本文主要归纳总结国内外关于天然气水合物开采方法的研究现状,同时对其实际开采应用进行展望。
The global gas hydrate CH_4 is more than twice the total reserves of proven fossil fuels. Therefore, natural gas hydrate is considered as the most promising new energy source in the 21st century. The traditional methods such as antihypertensive method, heat shock method and chemical reagent method have been perfected gradually. At the same time, carbon dioxide replacement technology is being widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Carbon dioxide displacement of natural gas hydrate can not only avoid the geological disasters that may occur in the traditional mining process, but also save carbon dioxide as a hydrate in the original methane hydrate reservoir, which is very helpful to solve the energy crisis and greenhouse effect. This paper mainly summarizes the research status of natural gas hydrate mining methods both at home and abroad, and prospects its actual exploitation and application.