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研究了5坐标数控加工中刀轴矢量规划问题,分析了现有刀轴矢量生成方法的缺点,借鉴动画制作中设置关键帧的思想,提出了一种新的全局过渡光滑的刀轴矢量生成方法。首先根据加工零件的几何特征,在满足不发生碰撞干涉的前提下,设置一些关键刀轴矢量,然后采用样条函数对这些刀轴矢量进行插值。在生成刀位文件的过程中,通过将曲面上的参数与样条函数的自变量进行某种映射,从而得到样条函数值,并以此值作为刀位点的刀轴矢量。加工实例表明,该方法实现了全局刀轴矢量的光滑过渡,实现了转动速度以及加速度的连续。该方法能够避免因刀轴矢量突变而引起的机床震动,提高了零件的加工质量。
The problem of tool axis vector programming in 5-axis CNC machining was studied. The disadvantages of the existing tool axis vector generation methods were analyzed. Based on the idea of setting key frames in animation production, a new global smoothing vector generation method was proposed . First, according to the geometric features of the machined parts, some key cutter axis vectors are set on the premise of not colliding with each other, and then the spline vectors are interpolated by spline function. During the generation of the tool bit file, the spline function value is obtained by some mapping of the parameters on the surface with the arguments of the spline function, and this value is used as the tool axis vector of the tool point. The machining example shows that the method achieves the smooth transition of the global tool axis vector and realizes the continuous rotation speed and acceleration. The method can avoid the machine tool vibration caused by the sudden change of the knife shaft vector and improve the processing quality of the part.