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目的通过对人感染H7N9禽流感病例的流行病学调查,为进一步防控提供科学依据。方法运用描述流行病学方法对患者、密切接触者、患者暴露的农贸市场和周边活禽销售、批发市场开展现场流行病学调查,采集市场外环境标本进行检测分析,进行疑似病例排查和流感样病例强化监测。结果患者有禽类接触史,下呼吸道标本禽流感病毒H7N9核酸阳性。密切接触者中无不明原因肺炎病例,未发现人与人之间传播证据,农贸市场、批发市场环境标本H7N9禽流感病毒核酸检测阳性率分别为44.4%、29.4%。结论黄山市首例人感染高致病性禽流感病例属本地感染、非人传人的病例,感染来源可能与农贸市场环境暴露有关。
Objective To provide a scientific basis for further prevention and control through epidemiological investigation of human H7N9 bird flu cases. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to carry out on-site epidemiological investigation of farmer’s market and peripheral live poultry sales and markets exposed by patients, close contacts, and patients. Samples of environmental samples were collected for testing and analysis. Suspected cases and influenza samples Case intensive monitoring. Results The patient had history of bird contact, and H7N9 nucleic acid was positive for lower respiratory tract specimens of bird flu virus. There was no clear evidence of pneumonia among the close contacts, and no evidence of transmission was found among the human beings. The positive rates of nucleic acid detection of H7N9 bird flu virus in the farmer’s market and the wholesale market were 44.4% and 29.4% respectively. Conclusions The first case of human case of HPAI in Huangshan City is a case of local infection and non-human transmission. The source of infection may be related to environmental exposure of farmers’ markets.