目的 :探讨上颌窦胆固醇肉芽肿的发病机制、诊断及治疗。方法 :报告引起上颌窦骨壁广泛破坏的胆固醇肉芽肿 1例 ,并复习有关文献。结果 :胆固醇肉芽肿是肉芽组织反应的一种特殊类型 ,好发于乳突及颞骨的气房 ,但发生于上颌窦者少见。结论 :此病的病因可能是上颌窦口阻塞 ,窦腔内出血或渗出致胆固醇在窦腔内或囊肿内沉积。确诊需依靠病理 ,建立永久的窦口鼻道通气可根治 Objective: To investigate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of cholesterol granuloma in maxillary sinus. Methods: One case of Cholesterol Granuloma, which caused extensive destruction of the maxillary sinus bone wall, was reported and reviewed. RESULTS: Cholesterol granuloma was a special type of granulation tissue reaction that occurred in the air space of the papillae and temporal bone, but rare in the maxillary sinus. Conclusion: The etiology of the disease may be obstruction of maxillary ostium, sinus bleeding or exudation caused by the deposition of cholesterol in the sinus cavity or cyst. Diagnosis depends on the pathology, the establishment of a permanent sinus osmassage can cure