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改革开放以来,在经济体制逐步转轨的过程中,我国水环境保护的投融资机制和政策也不断发生变化,但水环境保护投入不足问题一直未能得到有效解决。本研究简要回顾了我国水环境保护投融资政策四个阶段的发展演变历程,从投入总量、投资结构、融资渠道等方面入手进行了现状评估,客观评价了政府财政收入、企业自筹资金、国外资金和其他社会资本在我国水环境保护当中的贡献与作用,分析指出了当前水环境保护投融资政策存在的主要问题。研究认为,水环境保护投入不足与效益低下既有投融资政策体系本身的问题,也与水环境保护事权划分不清晰、水务行业市场化程度不高、运行管理水平低下等因素有关。本研究所作的全景式分析为下一步明确解决问题的方向与思路、有针对性地提出政策建议打下了基础。
Since the reform and opening up, in the process of gradual economic restructuring, the investment and financing mechanisms and policies for water environment protection in our country have been constantly changing. However, the problem of insufficient investment in water environment protection has not been effectively solved. This research briefly reviews the development and evolution of the four phases of China’s water environment protection investment and financing policies. The status quo is assessed from the perspectives of total investment, investment structure and financing channels, objectively evaluating the government revenue, self-financing of enterprises, The contribution and function of foreign capital and other social capital in the water environment protection in our country, points out the main problems existing in the current water environment protection investment and financing policy. The research thinks that the problem of investment and financing policy system is inadequate and inefficient investment in water environment protection, but also is not related to the division of water environmental protection power, the low marketization of water industry and the low operation and management level. The panorama analysis made in this study provides the basis for clarifying the direction and train of thought of the problem in the next step and putting forward policy suggestions in a targeted manner.