论文部分内容阅读
一、磷、钾在作物生理、营养上的功用 磷占作物干重的0.2～1.1％,多存在于种子和果实之中。无机磷在作物体内以磷酸钙、磷酸镁、磷酸钾等形式存在,参与糖、淀粉、油脂的合成和碳水化合物的运转。作物体内的核酸,核蛋白,磷脂,植素。磷酸腺甙、酶等都含有磷,这是有机磷化物,它能影响新细胞的增殖,增强细胞渗透性,促进脂肪代谢和转化;能降低无机磷的浓度,有利于作物生育后期淀粉的积累;含磷的酶参与作物体氮代谢、呼吸作用和光合作用。磷素能提高作物的抗旱、抗寒、抗盐碱性。合理施用磷肥不仅能提高作物产量、促进早熟,还能改善品质。过量施用磷肥,会使作物营养期缩短、早衰和诱发缺锌症,从而降低产量和品质。
First, the phosphorus, potassium in crop physiology, nutritional function phosphorus accounts for 0.2 to 1.1% of the dry weight of the crop, mostly in seeds and fruits. Inorganic phosphorus in the body of the body to calcium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, potassium phosphate and other forms, involved in sugar, starch, fat synthesis and carbohydrate operation. Crops in vivo nucleic acids, nuclear proteins, phospholipids, and plants. Phosphorus acid adenosine, enzymes, etc. contain phosphorus, which is the organic phosphide, which can affect the proliferation of new cells, enhance cell permeability and promote fat metabolism and transformation; to reduce the concentration of inorganic phosphorus is conducive to the accumulation of starch in late crop growth ; Phosphorus-containing enzymes involved in crop nitrogen metabolism, respiration and photosynthesis. Phosphorus can improve crop drought, cold, salt and alkaline resistance. Proper use of phosphate fertilizer can not only improve crop yield, promote precocity, but also improve quality. Excessive application of phosphate fertilizer will shorten the crop nutrition period, premature aging and induced zinc deficiency, thus reducing the yield and quality.