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在引力辅助过程中施加脉冲可以改善变轨效果。虽然轨道设计中一般将施加脉冲的位置设置在轨道的近拱点,但是并没有研究表明近拱点是施加脉冲的最优位置。为了研究平面引力辅助中施加单次共面脉冲的最优位置,首先采用6个参数对变轨过程进行描述,其中3个参数表征平面引力辅助、2个参数表征脉冲的大小与方向、1个参数表征施加脉冲的位置。然后将航天器的状态向量表示成参数的函数,进而求出变轨之后航天器的能量变化。研究施加脉冲的位置对航天器能量的影响,结果表明最优位置一般并不是近拱点,在最优位置施加脉冲比在近拱点有时可高效20%以上。
Applying a pulse during gravity assist can improve the orbital effect. Although the location of imposing pulses in the orbit design is usually set at the near arches of the orbit, no study has shown that the arched points are the optimal locations for applying impulses. In order to study the optimal location of impulsive coplanar impulse in plane gravitation, six parameters are firstly used to describe the orbiting process. Three parameters describe gravitational aids, two parameters characterize the size and direction of impulse, one The parameter characterizes the location of the pulse applied. Then the state vector of the spacecraft is expressed as a function of the parameters, and the energy change of the spacecraft after the orbit change is obtained. The effect of pulse position on the spacecraft energy is studied. The results show that the optimal position is not near the arch point, and the pulse at the optimal position can sometimes be more than 20% higher than the near arch point.