结核病可累及全身各系统,其中以肺结核最常见。现以肺结核为例,从临床实用出发,介绍其病因、病理和流行病学方面的一些近代观点。病因、发病机理和病理对人体致病的结核杆菌主要是人型和牛型菌,其他抗酸菌有的虽然也致病(临床表现极似结核病),但属于非典型分支杆菌(如 Tuberculosis can affect the body’s various systems, of which the most common tuberculosis. Now taking tuberculosis as an example, starting from clinical practice, introduce its etiology, pathology and epidemiology of some modern point of view. Etiology, pathogenesis and pathology of human pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis are mainly human and bovine bacteria, although some other acid-fast bacteria are also pathogenic (clinical manifestations like tuberculosis), but atypical mycobacteria (such as