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苏联产的单斗挖掘机的作业设备都是由一台发动机通过摩擦离合器传动,所不同的仅是离合器的结构和接合方式(爪式,气室式,液压式,等等)。当摩擦离合器接合时,传动的全部力距几乎是瞬时地(约0.2至0.5秒)加到被动机构上,引起很大的初加速度,因之,使机器个别部份受到极大的动负荷。在工作中,离合器的主动部份和被动部份间经常产生滑动,产生热量并使摩擦件迅速磨损。因此摩擦离合器需要经常调整,并且成为机器中最不可靠的部份。在机械传动式挖掘机中采用电磁滑差离合器来代替摩擦离合器可以消除这些缺点。
The operating equipment of the Soviet-made single-bucket excavator is driven by an engine via a friction clutch. The only difference is the structure and engagement of the clutch (claw, air chamber, hydraulic, etc.). When the friction clutch is engaged, the full pitch of the transmission is applied to the passive mechanism almost instantaneously (about 0.2 to 0.5 seconds), causing a large initial acceleration, which in turn causes individual parts of the machine to be subjected to extreme dynamic loads. During work, the active part and the passive part of the clutch often slip, generating heat and causing the friction parts to wear rapidly. Therefore, friction clutches need to be constantly adjusted and become the most unreliable part of the machine. The use of electromagnetic slip clutches instead of friction clutches in mechanical transmission excavators can eliminate these disadvantages.