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目的观察小青龙汤的抗过敏作用及其不同萃取部位和中药单体的抗组胺作用,探讨该药抗过敏作用的有效物质基础,为其功效和临床应用提供药理依据。方法利用被动皮肤过敏实验探讨小青龙汤的抗过敏作用,并观察小青龙汤、不同极性提取物(石油醚-氯仿-乙酸乙酯-正丁醇)及其单体成分(麻黄碱、儿茶素、甘草酸、芍药苷)对组胺诱导豚鼠离体肠收缩的抑制作用,初步阐明其抗过敏机制及有效部位。结果小青龙汤(0.78,1.56g/kg)均能减小大鼠被动皮肤过敏实验中蓝斑面积,提示其对Ⅰ型变态反应具有抑制作用。离体实验发现,小青龙汤(2,4,8mg/ml)均使组胺诱导的豚鼠肠管收缩量效曲线向右下方移位,离体肠收缩的最大效应降低,且作用具有剂量依赖性,提取物中氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇部位均可抑制组胺诱导的肠管收缩,其中正丁醇部位较为突出。麻黄碱、儿茶素能明显减弱组胺诱导的肠管收缩,而甘草酸、芍药苷无明显抑制作用。结论小青龙汤具有抗过敏作用,机制可能为非竞争性拮抗组胺H1受体,其提取物中氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇部位均有拮抗作用,尤以正丁醇部位拮抗作用最明显。麻黄碱、儿茶素均具拮抗H1受体作用,提示其可能为小青龙汤抗过敏作用的物质基础。
Objective To observe the anti-allergic effect of Xiao Qing Long Decoction and its anti-histamine action on different extraction sites and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers, and to explore the effective substance basis of its anti-allergic effect and to provide a pharmacological basis for its efficacy and clinical application. Methods Passive skin allergy test was used to investigate the anti-allergic effect of Xiao Qing Long Decoction. The effects of Xiao Qing Long Decoction, different polar extracts (petroleum ether-chloroform-ethyl acetate-n-butanol) Catechin, glycyrrhizin, paeoniflorin) on histamine-induced intestinal contractility in vitro inhibition of guinea pigs, initially clarified its anti-allergic mechanism and effective site. Results Xiao Qinglong Decoction (0.78, 1.56g / kg) can reduce the area of blue plaques in the rat passive skin allergy test, suggesting that it can inhibit the type Ⅰ allergic reaction. In vitro experiments found that Xiao Qinglong Decoction (2,4,8mg / ml) histamine-induced guinea pig intestinal contraction volume effect curve shifted to the lower right, the maximum effect of intestinal contraction reduced, and the role of a dose-dependent , Extracts of chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol can inhibit histamine-induced intestinal contraction, n-butanol more prominent parts. Ephedrine and catechin significantly attenuated histamine-induced intestinal contraction, whereas glycyrrhizin and paeoniflorin showed no significant inhibitory effect. Conclusion Xiao Qing Long Decoction has an anti-allergic effect. The mechanism may be non-competitive antagonism of histamine H1 receptor. The extracts of the extract have the antagonistic effects of chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol, especially n-butanol obvious. Ephedrine and catechin all antagonized H1 receptor, suggesting that it may be the material basis for the anti-allergic effect of Xiao Qing Long Decoction.