俄罗斯的社会理论常带有偶像化特征,这与信息匮乏和意识形态的限制密切相关。俄罗斯从来就没有不加区别地对待马克思,结果马克思及其理论在苏联造就了一系列神话,直到上世纪80年代初,理想化的马克思形象占据了统治地位,至上世纪90年代,马克思主义失去了原来的官方认可的理论地位和国家赋予的权威。近年来,在俄罗斯对马克思理论的解释分为好斗的反马克思列宁主义、人本社会主义的马克思主义、正统马克思主义、非马克思主义和好斗的马克思主义者派别。后苏联时期,研究者开始关注马克思的社会历史理论,试图以此作为解决当今俄罗斯社会问题的钥匙。现今俄罗斯对未来社会的前提和社会主义前景的研究发展了马克思及继承者的思想。 Russian social theory often carries an idolized character, which is closely related to lack of information and ideological restrictions. Russia has never treated Marx without distinction. As a result, Marx and his theory created a series of myths in the Soviet Union. Until the early 1980s, the idealized Marxist figure occupied the dominant position. By the 1990s, Marxism lost its The original official recognition of the theoretical status and the authority given by the state. In recent years, the explanation of Marxism in Russia has been divided into aggressive fighting against Marxism-Leninism, humanistic socialism, orthodox Marxism, non-Marxism and aggressive Marxist factions. After the Soviet Union, researchers began to pay attention to Marx’s theory of social history and tried to use it as the key to solving the social problems of today’s Russia. Nowadays, Russia has studied the premise of the future society and the prospects for socialism and developed Marxist and successor thinking.