论文部分内容阅读
水足迹概念将水问题拓展到了社会经济领域,是当前测度人类活动对水资源系统影响的理想指标。本文借助水足迹的概念,计算了华北平原地区(河北、北京、天津)小麦、玉米的虚拟水含量及其生长生产水足迹,并就绿水的重要性和灰水对环境的不利影响进行了相关分析。结果显示:2007年华北平原主要地区小麦虚拟水含量为1.054m3/㎏,生长用水以蓝水为主;玉米虚拟水含量为0.808m3/㎏,生长用水以绿水为主;小麦生产水足迹为172×108m3,其中绿水足迹30.85×108m3,蓝水足迹102.5×108m3,灰水足迹38.65×108m3;玉米生产水足迹为173.07×108m3,其中绿水足迹101.06×108m3,蓝水足迹26.92×108m3,灰水足迹45.09×108m3。通过分析表明:绿水在当地农作物生产中占有重要的地位,绿水的使用与作物的生长特点及作物生长周期有关;小麦、玉米总水足迹约为当地水资源总量的2.2倍,减少小麦、玉米作物生产水足迹对华北平原具有重要的意义。
The concept of water footprint extends water issues to socio-economic areas and is an ideal indicator of the current impact of human activities on water resources systems. Based on the concept of water footprint, this paper calculated the virtual water content of wheat and maize in the North China Plain (Hebei, Beijing and Tianjin) and their growth and production water footprint. The importance of green water and the unfavorable effects of gray water on the environment were also studied related analysis. The results showed that in 2007, the virtual water content of wheat in the main areas of North China Plain was 1.054m3 / ㎏, and the growth water was dominated by blue water. The virtual water content of corn was 0.808m3 / ㎏ and the growth water was dominated by green water. 172 × 108m3, of which green water footprint 30.85 × 108m3, blue water footprint 102.5 × 108m3, gray water footprint 38.65 × 108m3; corn production water footprint 173.07 × 108m3, of which green water footprint 101.06 × 108m3, blue water footprint 26.92 × 108m3, Gray water footprint 45.09 × 108m3. The analysis shows that green water plays an important role in the production of local crops. The use of green water is related to the growth characteristics of crops and the growth cycle of crops. The total water footprint of wheat and corn is about 2.2 times of the total amount of local water resources, The water footprint of corn crop production is of great significance to the North China Plain.