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为寻求禽类废弃物的有效利用途径,对其进行在近临界水中超低酸水解制备氨基酸的工艺优化及反应动力学研究。以鸡肠为原料,氨基酸总收率为指标,采用正交试验设计对反应温度、反应时间、硫酸浓度3种水解条件进行研究。实验结果表明,近临界超低酸水解法最佳的工艺条件为:T=533 K,t=28 min,c(H2SO4)=0.002 mol/L,氨基酸的总收率为11.49%。在反应温度分别为473,503,533,553 K,c(H2SO4)=0.002 mol/L条件下,鸡肠在近临界水中水解为氨基酸的动力学表观速率常数分别为1.52×10-2,3.35×10-2,11.58×10-2,14.01×10-2。其反应级数为1.52,反应活化能为64.44 kJ/mol,指前因子为1.91×105。
In order to find an effective way to utilize poultry wastes, the process optimization and reaction kinetics of amino acid preparation by ultra-low acid hydrolysis in near-critical water were studied. Taking the chicken intestine as the raw material and the total amino acid yield as the index, the orthogonal experiment design was used to study the hydrolysis conditions of the reaction temperature, the reaction time and the concentration of sulfuric acid. The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions of near-critical ultra-low acid hydrolysis were: T = 533 K, t = 28 min, c (H2SO4) = 0.002 mol / L and the total amino acid yield was 11.49%. Under the reaction conditions of 473, 503, 533, 553 K and c (H2SO4) = 0.002 mol / L, the apparent kinetic rates of hydrolysis of amino acids in near-critical water were 1.52 × 10-2 and 3.35 × 10-2, 11.58 × 10 -2 and 14.01 × 10 -2. The reaction order was 1.52, the activation energy was 64.44 kJ / mol and the pre-exponential factor was 1.91 × 105.