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目的了解长沙市孕妇二手烟暴露状况,评价减少孕妇被动吸烟措施干预效果。方法采用问卷形式对长沙市四所医院孕龄小于20周的孕妇进行被动吸烟K-A-P调查,同时对她们进行为期6个月的干预,并对干预效果进行评价。结果干预后孕妇二手烟暴露率由62.2%下降至33.8%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。孕妇对于被动吸烟可能导致的疾病认知度以及对在饭店、咖啡吧等公共场所禁烟的支持度较干预前有了显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对成功要求除父母、公婆等亲属以及同事不在自己面前吸烟的信心均有所提高(P<0.01)。结论采取综合性的干预措施可以提高孕妇对被动吸烟危害的认识,提高其主动劝说他人不在身边吸烟的信心,进而减少自身被动吸烟。
Objective To understand the status of second-hand smoke exposure in pregnant women in Changsha and to evaluate the intervention effect of reducing passive smoking in pregnant women. Methods A questionnaire was used to investigate K-A-P passive smoking in pregnant women who were less than 20 weeks pregnant in four hospitals in Changsha City. At the same time, their interventions were conducted for 6 months, and their effects were evaluated. Results The exposure rate of second-hand smoke in pregnant women decreased from 62.2% to 33.8% after intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Pregnant women’s awareness of the possible diseases caused by passive smoking as well as their support for banning smoking in public places such as restaurants and coffee bars were significantly higher than those before intervention (P <0.01). There was an increase in confidence that success required smoking other than parents, in-laws and other co-workers and colleagues (P <0.01). Conclusion Comprehensive interventions can increase pregnant women’s awareness of the dangers of passive smoking and increase their confidence in persuading others not to smoke at their side, thus reducing their passive smoking.