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光照图集地理知识于一图,集地理学科思维特色于一图,集地理学科基本训练于一图。光照图的判读属于高中生应重点掌握的学科主干知识之一,历来都是高考考查的焦点。通过对它们的考查,能较好地反映出学生从材料中获取有效信息的能力、地理空间思维能力、逻辑推理能力和综合分析能力。其高考命题要点主要包括:展昏线的判断、经纬线度数的确定、太阳直射点位置的确定、时间的计算、昼夜长短的计算和变化规律的描述、正午太阳高度的计算和时空分布规律的描述、日影长短和朝向的判断等知识。熟练判读各种太阳光照图,掌握迅速、简便的解题方法,一直是教与学过程中必须探讨的问题。
Photographic atlas of geographical knowledge in a map, set the characteristics of geographical disciplines in a map of thinking, set a basic training discipline in a map of geography. The interpretation of light maps belongs to one of the key disciplines that should be mastered by high school students and has always been the focus of the college entrance examination. Through their examination, they can better reflect students’ ability to obtain effective information from materials, geospatial thinking ability, logical reasoning ability and comprehensive analysis ability. The main points of the college entrance examination propositions mainly include: the judgment of the fainting line, the determination of the number of latitude and longitude lines, the determination of the position of the direct sun point, the calculation of the time, the calculation of the day and night, the description of the variation law, the calculation of the solar height at midday, and the distribution of time and space Descriptions such as description, length of day shadow, and judgment of direction. Proficiency in the interpretation of various solar photograms and the ability to quickly and easily solve problems are always issues that must be explored in the teaching and learning process.