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人们丈量土地、营造工程、制作器具都离不开尺度,它是人类社会发展到一定阶段的产物。最初,人们大都采用人体某个部分作为测量长度的单位。在国外,古代的美索不达米亚、希腊、罗马就产生了以人的脚掌作为长度一尺的标准,英尺“foot”就是以脚来命名的。《圣经》中记载的法定长度有手掌(palm)、拃(音zha)(span)、肘(cubit)等单位,都是按人体的躯干为标准的。我国古代即有“布手知尺,布指知寸”的说法。“尺”是个象形文字,表示人手张开拇指与食指或拇指与中指间的距离,俗称一拃,国外的一拃则指人手张开拇指到小指间的距离。
People measure the land, create a project, make a device can not be separated from the scale, it is the product of the development of human society to a certain stage. Initially, most people used a certain part of the human body as a measure of length units. Abroad, in ancient times Mesopotamia, Greece and Rome came the standard of foot length. Foot “foot ” is named after foot. The statutory length recorded in the Bible includes palm, span, cubit and other units, all of which are based on the torso of the human body. In ancient China, there are “cloth hand known ruler, cloth refers to the inch ” argument. “Ruler ” is a hieroglyph, indicating that the thumb and index finger or thumb and middle finger open the distance between people, commonly known as 拃, while a foreign 人 refers to the open thumb to the distance between the little finger.