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以新疆塔里木盆地北缘典型盐渍化区-渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例,基于野外实测数据,借助常规统计与地统计分析方法,对绿洲表层盐渍化土壤的空间分布特征进行定量研究。分析结果显示:该绿洲土壤盐类主要以氯化物为主,同时并伴有少量的硫酸盐-氯化物类;在空间变异性上,CO23-和HCO3-为中度变异性,土壤含盐量、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO24-以及K++Na+均具有较强的空间变异性;盐渍化土壤主要分布于渭干河、库车河的下游,塔里木河的北部,绿洲的东部、南部和东南部区域,表层土壤中Cl-和K++Na+含量较高。在绿洲西部和西北部,Cl-、Ca2+和K++Na+分布的含量则相对较低。此外,HCO3-、SO24-和Mg2+的含量在绿洲中部分布较高;而CO23-的含量在绿洲北部有较高水平的分布;从绿洲整体分布情况来看,盐渍化土壤主要呈大面积区域性分布于绿洲的外围和扇缘地带。
Taking the typical salinization area-Weigan River-Kuqa River delta oasis, a typical salinization area in northern margin of Tarim Basin, Xinjiang as an example, the spatial distribution of salinized soils in oases was studied based on the field data and the conventional statistical and geostatistical analysis methods Quantitative Study. The results show that the soil salt in this oasis is dominated by chloride with a small amount of sulphate-chloride species. In terms of spatial variability, CO23- and HCO3- are moderately variable and soil salt content , Cl-, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, SO24- and K ++ Na + all have strong spatial variability. Salinized soils are mainly distributed in the lower reaches of the Weigan River, the Kuche River, the northern part of the Tarim River, the eastern part of the oasis, In the southern and southeastern regions, the contents of Cl- and K ++ Na + were higher in the topsoil. In the western and northwestern oases, the contents of Cl-, Ca2 + and K + + Na + are relatively low. In addition, the contents of HCO3-, SO4- and Mg2 + are higher in the middle part of the oasis, while the content of CO23- is higher in the northern part of the oasis. According to the oasis’s overall distribution, the salinized soil mainly has a large area Sexually distributed in the periphery and fan oasis zone.