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目的研究精神发育迟滞（MR）学生家庭背景和教育方式的特点。方法对特殊学校75名轻、中度MR学生进行研究，并按年龄和性别与正常儿童卫：卫配对对照。结果MR学生父母受教育年限显著低于正常组，脑力劳动职业明显少于正常组，以家庭背景为主的社会学因素，也是MR发生的相关因素之一。MR组学生父母并非不重视子女教育，但家庭教育方式存在明显问题。结论应重视对MR学生家长的咨询和指导，并为MR学生提供更多的医学、心理学和教育学方面的帮助。
Objective To study the characteristics of family background and educational methods of mental retardation (MR) students. Methods 75 mild and moderate MR students in special schools were studied, and were compared with normal children by age and sex: control group. Results The MR education of parents was significantly lower than that of the normal group, the occupation of mental work was significantly less than that of the normal group, and the family background was the major sociological factor, which was also one of the related factors of MR. Parents of MR students did not pay much attention to their children’s education, but there were obvious problems with family education methods. Conclusion The counseling and guidance of parents of MR students should be emphasized and the medical, psychological and pedagogical aspects of MR students should be provided with more help.